This is Basic Guide of DOTA. Here are some things which a DOTA Starter must know.
This Guide Contains Information About
Beginner:
Common Terms
Game Modes and Commands
Inside DOTA:
Equations
Hero experience chart
Consecutive kills
Common Terms:
Areas On The Map
Mid Middle lane. The line traveled by the creeps through the center of the map.
Top Top lane. The line traveled by the creeps through the west and top portions of the map
Bot Bot lane. The line traveled by the creeps through the bottom and east portions of the map.
Woods The areas in between lanes where neutral creeps are found.
Jungle Same as woods.
Item Abbreviations
AC Assault Cuirass
Aghs or Agha Aghanim's Scepter
BKB Black King Bar
Blink Kelen's Dagger
BoT Boots of Travel
Crow/Bird Flying Courier
Deso Stygian Desolator
DR Divine Rapier
Hex Guinsoo's Scythe of Vyse
HotD Helm of the Dominator
HoT/Heart Heart of Tarrasque
Mek Mekansm
MoM Mask of Madness
Phase Phase Boots
PT Power Treads
RoB Ring of Basillus
RoR Ring of Regeneration
RoH Ring of Health
Sheepstick or Sheep Guinsoo's Scythe of Vyse
SnY Sange and Yasha
Vlads Vladimir's Offering
Basic Need To Know Terms
Farm: Farming up gold. Refers to the act of systematically killing creeps in order to earn gold. Even when you are virtually killing creeps all game long, you say that someone is "farming" when they are completely dedicated and concentrated on that.
Focus: Means to concentrate all attacks on a specific target (I.E "Focus Lina" means that Lina should be the primary objective and that all the team should have attacking her as a priority in team fights)
Harass: Relative to the act of putting pressure in your enemy by attacking him during the laning period. Basically, harassing is attacking the enemy in front of you in the lane, so as to make him an easy target for a gank or to prevent him from farming freely. Therefore, "harass Ezalor" means that you should try to damage Ezalor with your skills/attacks.
Juke: Juking, means to make deceptive maneuvers with your hero while moving, so as to delude your opponent and make it harder for him to predict where you will be heading. This is used mainly to escape while you are being chased, or to make your enemy miss/misuse a spell (for example Avalanche, which has to be targeted to the ground).
Pull: Creep Pulling. Getting creeps from a neutral camp to follow you into the path of your lane creeps.
Spam: Spamming your spells, refers to the act of repeatedly using a certain spell, a lot. "spam carrion swarm" means casting Carrion Swarm a lot, most generally as soon as the cool down is up.
Rosh: Roshan. Refers to Roshan, the big neutral creep next to the river just below the middle lane. Usually indicates the player's belief that either the enemy team is killing Roshan right now or that the player's team should kill Roshan now.
Gank: Bringing several heroes to gang up on a target to kill them. "Gank lina," is a request for you to come help kill her.
b: Back. If your allies start calling "b," get out immediately, it usually means that you're getting ganked. This is a more urgent warning than a miss or mia call.
TP: Teleport. A request for you to use a Scroll of Town Portal or Boots of Travel to come assist in a fight. "tp mid now"
Def: Defend. Self-explanitory, "tp to def mid"PushTraveling down a lane as a team in order to work together to fight and kill enemy buildings.
DD: The Double Damage rune.
Hero Missing/ Returning Calls
miss: Missing. A warning that enemy heroes have gone out of view and might be ganking, so be careful. Usually said with a hero name, such as, "Lina miss."
mia: Missing in action. Same thing as miss, such as, "Lina mia."
re: Returned. The opposite of a miss/mia call, "Lina re" means that she's back in the lane she came from and you don't have to worry about her.
Hero Descriptions
nuke: A generic term for any spell that does damage. "Nuke him" just means throw your damage spell, pretty much no matter what hero you have.
ult: Ultimate. Any hero's level 6 ability is refered to as their ultimate
oom: Out of mana. Don't expect any more spells from this player during the fight.
mana: Just saying "mana" usually means the same thing as oom
cd: Cooldown.Should usually be interpreted as, "Hold on, the spell I need isn't up yet." Also, you might see something like, "ult cd 30" which means, "My ultimate is still cooling for about 30 more seconds."
stacked: Stacked of items, means that a hero has gotten many and powerful items, therefore making him really hard to take down. "Nevermore is stacked" means that Nevermore has many and good items.
farmed: Same as stacked.
Calculated stats*
Experience table
This Guide Contains Information About
Beginner:
Common Terms
Game Modes and Commands
Inside DOTA:
Equations
Hero experience chart
Consecutive kills
BEGINNER
Common Terms:
Areas On The Map
Mid Middle lane. The line traveled by the creeps through the center of the map.
Top Top lane. The line traveled by the creeps through the west and top portions of the map
Bot Bot lane. The line traveled by the creeps through the bottom and east portions of the map.
Woods The areas in between lanes where neutral creeps are found.
Jungle Same as woods.
Item Abbreviations
AC Assault Cuirass
Aghs or Agha Aghanim's Scepter
BKB Black King Bar
Blink Kelen's Dagger
BoT Boots of Travel
Crow/Bird Flying Courier
Deso Stygian Desolator
DR Divine Rapier
Hex Guinsoo's Scythe of Vyse
HotD Helm of the Dominator
HoT/Heart Heart of Tarrasque
Mek Mekansm
MoM Mask of Madness
Phase Phase Boots
PT Power Treads
RoB Ring of Basillus
RoR Ring of Regeneration
RoH Ring of Health
Sheepstick or Sheep Guinsoo's Scythe of Vyse
SnY Sange and Yasha
Vlads Vladimir's Offering
Basic Need To Know Terms
Farm: Farming up gold. Refers to the act of systematically killing creeps in order to earn gold. Even when you are virtually killing creeps all game long, you say that someone is "farming" when they are completely dedicated and concentrated on that.
Focus: Means to concentrate all attacks on a specific target (I.E "Focus Lina" means that Lina should be the primary objective and that all the team should have attacking her as a priority in team fights)
Harass: Relative to the act of putting pressure in your enemy by attacking him during the laning period. Basically, harassing is attacking the enemy in front of you in the lane, so as to make him an easy target for a gank or to prevent him from farming freely. Therefore, "harass Ezalor" means that you should try to damage Ezalor with your skills/attacks.
Juke: Juking, means to make deceptive maneuvers with your hero while moving, so as to delude your opponent and make it harder for him to predict where you will be heading. This is used mainly to escape while you are being chased, or to make your enemy miss/misuse a spell (for example Avalanche, which has to be targeted to the ground).
Pull: Creep Pulling. Getting creeps from a neutral camp to follow you into the path of your lane creeps.
Spam: Spamming your spells, refers to the act of repeatedly using a certain spell, a lot. "spam carrion swarm" means casting Carrion Swarm a lot, most generally as soon as the cool down is up.
Rosh: Roshan. Refers to Roshan, the big neutral creep next to the river just below the middle lane. Usually indicates the player's belief that either the enemy team is killing Roshan right now or that the player's team should kill Roshan now.
Gank: Bringing several heroes to gang up on a target to kill them. "Gank lina," is a request for you to come help kill her.
b: Back. If your allies start calling "b," get out immediately, it usually means that you're getting ganked. This is a more urgent warning than a miss or mia call.
TP: Teleport. A request for you to use a Scroll of Town Portal or Boots of Travel to come assist in a fight. "tp mid now"
Def: Defend. Self-explanitory, "tp to def mid"PushTraveling down a lane as a team in order to work together to fight and kill enemy buildings.
DD: The Double Damage rune.
Hero Missing/ Returning Calls
miss: Missing. A warning that enemy heroes have gone out of view and might be ganking, so be careful. Usually said with a hero name, such as, "Lina miss."
mia: Missing in action. Same thing as miss, such as, "Lina mia."
re: Returned. The opposite of a miss/mia call, "Lina re" means that she's back in the lane she came from and you don't have to worry about her.
Hero Descriptions
nuke: A generic term for any spell that does damage. "Nuke him" just means throw your damage spell, pretty much no matter what hero you have.
ult: Ultimate. Any hero's level 6 ability is refered to as their ultimate
oom: Out of mana. Don't expect any more spells from this player during the fight.
mana: Just saying "mana" usually means the same thing as oom
cd: Cooldown.Should usually be interpreted as, "Hold on, the spell I need isn't up yet." Also, you might see something like, "ult cd 30" which means, "My ultimate is still cooling for about 30 more seconds."
stacked: Stacked of items, means that a hero has gotten many and powerful items, therefore making him really hard to take down. "Nevermore is stacked" means that Nevermore has many and good items.
farmed: Same as stacked.
Game Modes & Commands
There are many commands that you can enter during the game, some impact the game itself, while others display useful information. Here we provide a list of most of the commands in the game. There are some other commands that you can also use, but they are almost entirely for fun and have no impact on the game, so we will start by covering only those that impact gameplay.
All commands must be preceeded by "-" to work, for instance, "-ma". All game modes must be entered on a single line preceeded by "-", for instance, "-apemomsc".
Common Game Modes | |
ap | All Pick. Each player is allowed to pick a hero from any tavern. |
ar | All Random. Each player is given a random hero from any tavern. |
rd | Random Draft. 20 random heroes from any tavern are selected and players take turns picking from them. |
sd | Single Draft. Each player chooses from one of 3 individual random heroes. |
cd | Captains Draft. 24 random heroes are selected. Then Blue and Pink take turns banning heroes, then picking heroes. Then the players on each team pick from their team's heroes. |
cm | Captains Mode. Blue and Pink take turns banning heroes, then take turns picking heroes. These heroes are then chosen by members of their team. |
em | Easy Mode. Towers are weaker, and players get extra gold and experience. |
dm | Death Match. When you die you are given a new hero. The game can end normally, or when one team reaches a certain amount of deaths. lives # can be used to set life limit, and -nd to remove respawn timer along with this mode. |
Other Game Modes | |
rs | Random Side. Places each team on a random side. |
du | Duplicate. More than one of each hero can be played. |
sp | Shuffle Players. Randomly switches around players from each team. |
xl | Extended League. Both Sides will take turns picking heroes. Each team captain can pick 4 heroes to remove from the pool. |
om | Only Mid. Only the middle lane is used. |
sc | Super Creeps. Powerful creeps will spawn every 10 minutes. |
lm | League Mode. Both Sides will take turns picking heroes. |
mm | Mirror Mode. After one minute, each team will have the same heroes. |
tr | Team Random. You will be given a random hero from your taverns. |
mr | Mode Random. Selects a random game mode. |
vr | Vote Random. You will be given a random hero from the voted groupset. |
rv | Reverse. You pick a hero for your opponent. |
oi | Observer Info. Disables extra information display for observers. |
sh | Same Hero. All players will be given the hero that Blue has. |
aa | All Agility. Only Agility heroes are used. |
ai | All Intelligence. Only Intelligence heroes are used. |
as | All Strength. Only Strength heroes are used. |
id | Item Drop. When you die, a random inventory slot will drop an item. |
np | No Powerups. No runes spawn. |
nt | No Top. The top lane is not used. |
nm | No Mid. The middle lane is not used. |
nb | No Bot. The bottom lane is not used. |
ns | No Swap. Swapping heroes is not allowed. |
nr | No Repick. Repicking heroes is not allowed. |
pm | Pooling Mode. All items can be used by other players. |
mi | Mini Heroes. All heroes are half normal size. |
fr | Fast Respawn. Reduces death times by 50%. |
mo | Melee Only. Only melee heroes are used. |
ro | Ranged Only. Only ranged heroes are used. |
er | Experimental Runes. Uses an experimental rune spawning system. |
so | Switch On. Allows use of the -switch command. Leavers items can be unlocked by -unlock command when this mode is activated. |
zm | Zoom mode. Observers will view the game from a zoomed out state. |
cp | Capture Point. Specific areas appear at 10 minute mark. Capturing them grants various bonus auras. |
wtf | Fun mode. Spells have no cooldown or manacost. |
Commands | |
tips | Gives you various helpful pointers about your hero throughout the game. |
random | Random. Gives you a random hero in modes like All Pick. You get 250 extra gold. |
random int | Random. Gives you a random Intelligence hero in modes like All Pick. You get 150 extra gold. |
random str | Random. Gives you a random Strength hero in modes like All Pick. You get 150 extra gold. |
random agi | Random. Gives you a random Agility hero in modes like All Pick. You get 150 extra gold. |
ma | Displays the heroes your opponents control and their levels. Alias: -matchup. |
ms | Displays your hero's current movement speed. Alias: -movespeed. |
apm | Displays apm ( actions per minute ) of all players. |
cs | Displays your creep kills, denies, and neutral kills. |
switch # | Allows you to switch teams with another player. Other players vote with -ok or -no after this command is entered. |
cson | Activates the cs display to display your creep kills and denies. |
es | Enables selection helper. This is enabled by default. Alias: -enableselection |
es | Disables selection helper. Alias: -disableselection |
csoff | Deactivates the cs display. |
c | Center. Locks the camera on your hero. |
co | Centeroff. Turns center mode off. |
disablehelp | Prevents certain spells, such as Test of Faith cast by an allied Holy Knight, from affecting you. Also prevents allies from picking up your items in the fountain area. |
enablehelp | Re-enables effects from certain allied spells and allows allies to pick up your items in the fountain area. |
unstuck | Pauses your hero for 60 seconds, after which you are teleported to your base. |
recreate | Sometimes rare glitches occur with certain heroes, recreate can fix those glitches. Recreate takes about 2 minutes to complete, and only works on Lycanthrope, Lifestealer, Dragon Knight, Soul Keeper, and Tormented Soul. |
swap # | Offers to swap your hero with another player's. -swaphero # can also be used. |
showmsg | Shows messages. |
hidemsg | Hides messages. |
showdeny | Shows a '!' above a creep when it is denied. |
hidedeny | Hides the '!'. |
quote # | Plays a hero quote. Writing it without a number will play a random hero quote. |
weather rain | Switches weather to rain. |
weather snow | Switches weather to snow. |
weather moonlight | Switches weather to moonlight. |
weather wind | Switches weather to wind. |
weather random | Switches to random weather. |
weather off | Turns weather off. |
di | Enables -cson and -showdeny. Alias: -denyinfo. -di is initially enabled. |
don | Shows the death timer. Alias: -deathon |
doff | Hides the death timer. -deathoff |
roll # | Shows a random number between 1 and the number entered, max of 2000. Default of 100. |
rollon | Enables roll command. This is initially enabled. |
rolloff | Disables roll command. |
hhn | Hides the hero name portion of player's names. Alias: -hideheronames. |
test | Enables single player commands. |
mute | Toggles sounds on and off. |
clear | Clears the messages. |
ii | Item info. Shows items of allied heroes on multiboard. |
gameinfo | Displays information about the current game modes. |
kickafk # | Used to kick a player who has been AFK for a long period of time. |
mines | Shows you how many Land Mines you have placed with Goblin Techies. |
mc | Shows how many times you have Multicast with Ogre Magi. |
fs | Shows how much bonus Strength you have gained from Flesh Heap with Pudge. Alias: -fleshstr |
int | Shows how much bonus Intelligence you have gained from Last Word with Silencer. |
ha | Shows your average accuracy with Meat Hook or Hookshot. |
aa | Shows your average accuracy with Elune's Arrow. |
invokelist | Displays all of Invoker's spells, and what reagents are needed to use them. |
water red | Makes the water red. |
water green | Makes the water green. |
water blue | Makes the water blue. |
water default | Makes the water the default color. |
water r g b | Sets the water color to the color specified by r, g, and b. Example: "-water 255 0 0" is the same as "-water red". |
water random | Sets the water to a random color. |
gg | Displays bonus gold gained from Alchemist's Goblin Greed ability. |
rh | Displays a random hero name. Alias: -rollhero. |
Single Player Commands | |
lvlup # | Increases level of your hero by entered value. |
refresh | Resets ability cooldowns, sets health and mana of your hero to 100%. |
spawncreeps | Spawns creeps from all lanes. |
powerup | Spawns runes. |
neutrals | Forces neutral spawn. |
kill | Kills your last picked hero. This kill will be considered as a suicide. |
gold # | Increases your gold by entered value. |
time # | Sets time of day. Values should be between 0 and 24. |
killsent | Kills sentinel creeps. |
killscourge | Kills scourge creeps. |
killall | Kills all creeps. |
noherolimitt | Allows you to pick multiple heroes. |
trees | Forces a tree spawn. |
killwards | Removes wards from the map. |
spawnon | Enables creep spawn. This is enabled initially. |
spawnoff | Disables creep spawn. |
INSIDE DOTA
Equations
A lot of these equations pertain to Warcraft III in general. Where applicable they were simplified from the general Warcraft III form to DotA specific equations. Numbers are meant to be exact as how Warcraft III interprets them; when you see .14 it is not and approximation of 1/7.Base stats
Variable | Title | Meaning | |
---|---|---|---|
Str | Strength Total | Base Strength w/level + any items bonuses | |
Agi | Agility Total | Base Agility w/level + any item bonuses | |
Int | Intelligence Total | Base Intelligence w/level + any item bonuses | |
Pri | Primary Total | The number total for the primary stat for the hero =(Str, Agi, Int) depending on hero | |
ArmorB | Armor base | What a hero has w/o any stats or items** | |
ACoolB | Attack Cool down | The number of seconds a hero has to wait to attack again after attacking w/o any stats or items | |
Range | Attack Range | The distance a hero can attack | |
MSpd | Movement speed | How fast a hero moves in DotA. Max w/modifiers is 522. | |
DMnB | Damage Base Min | The minimum damage without stats nor items | |
DMxB | Damage Base Max | The maximum damage without stats nor items |
Calculated stats*
Variable | Title | Equation | Meaning |
---|---|---|---|
HP | Hit points max | 150 + (19 * Str) | The maximum a hit points a hero can regenerate to |
HPReg | Hit points Regeneration | 0.25 + (.03 * Str) | How many hit points a hero regains per second |
Mana | Mana Max | 13 * Int | The resource used to cast spells & use abilites. |
MReg | Mana Regeneration | 0.01 + (.04 * Int) | How much mana a hero regains per second |
Armor | Armor | ArmorB + (Agi * .14) | Armor w/stats & items |
DmgMn | Damage Min | DMnB + Pri | The minimim damage with stats taken into account |
DmgMx | Damage Max | DMxB + Pri | The maximum damage with stats taken into account |
IAS | Increase in Attack Speed | Agi | The number of seconds a hero has to wait to attack again after attacking. Note when warcraft says "Increase attack speed x%" it means increate this varible by x. |
ACool | Attack Cool down | ACoolB + IAS | The number of seconds a hero has to wait to attack again after attacking. |
AttSpd | Attack Speed | 1 / ACool | How many times a second a hero can attack. Note by the schema laid out here when Warcraft III says "Increase attack speed x%" it means change IAS by x which effects ACool which effects this variable. |
DRed | Damage reduction | 1-{1/[1+(Armor*ADRM)]} | An amount of damage less taken from non-magical attacks |
DPS | Damage Per Second | AttSpd*[(DmgMn+DmgMx)/2] | The amount of damage a hero will do a second before armor and other effects are taken into account |
Hero Experience Chart
Experience needed to level
Experience table
Lvl | Total Exp | Exp To Next Lvl |
---|---|---|
1 | 0 | 200 |
2 | 200 | 300 |
3 | 500 | 400 |
4 | 900 | 500 |
5 | 1400 | 600 |
6 | 2000 | 700 |
7 | 2700 | 800 |
8 | 3500 | 900 |
9 | 4400 | 1000 |
10 | 5400 | 1100 |
11 | 6500 | 1200 |
12 | 7700 | 1300 |
13 | 9000 | 1400 |
14 | 10400 | 1500 |
15 | 11900 | 1600 |
16 | 13500 | 1700 |
17 | 15200 | 1800 |
18 | 17000 | 1900 |
19 | 18900 | 2000 |
20 | 20900 | 2100 |
21 | 23000 | 2200 |
22 | 25200 | 2300 |
23 | 27500 | 2400 |
24 | 29900 | 2500 |
25 | 32400 | 2600 |
Consecutive kills
When one player kills a number of players without dying they get a 'bounty' on their head. The more players killed before dying the higher that bounty gets. Players are alerted in the game via sound. When someone finally kills that player they receive the bounty gold in addition to the regular 100 gold for killing a hero.Kills | Sound | Bounty |
---|---|---|
3 | Killing Spree | 50 |
4 | Dominating | 100 |
5 | Mega-Kill | 150 |
6 | Unstoppable | 200 |
7 | Wicked Sick | 250 |
8 | M-m-m-m....Monster Kill | 300 |
9 | Godlike | 350 |
10+ | Beyond Godlike/Holy Shit (somebody stop/kill him!) | 400 |
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